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  • Essay / Essay on Multiple Intelligences - 952

    Howard Gardner introduced the theory of multiple intelligences in 1983, in his book Frames of Mind (Giles, Pitre and Womack, 2003). This book has become the centerpiece for understanding and teaching human intelligence and different types of learning styles. During this discovery, he discovered seven unique intelligences. A decade later, Gardner discovered two more pieces of intelligence that were published in Gardner's Intelligence Reframed. Gardner claims that all intelligences can be measured by an IQ test. He defines intelligence as “the human ability to solve problems or create something that is valued in one or more cultures” (Checkley, 1997, p. 8). There are eight criteria that each intelligence must meet to be identified as an intelligence (Armstrong, 2009, p. 8): the potential for isolation due to brain damage; existence of scholars, prodigies and other exceptional individuals; a main operation or an identifiable set of operations; support of experimental psychological tasks; support of psychometric results; a distinctive developmental story with a definable set of “end-state” expert performances; evolutionary plausibility; susceptibility to coding in a symbol system. The first intelligence is known as verbal-linguistic. This intelligence refers to the ability to understand oral or written words and the ability to manipulate them (Giles, Pitre and Womack, 2003). Good examples of this intelligence belong to poets, teachers, journalists and writers. The second intelligence discovered is logical-mathematical intelligence. The ability to use numbers effectively to collect and organize data refers to mathematical intelligence (Giles, Pitre, & Womack, 2003). Bankers, engineers, scientists and ...... middle of paper ...... to determine if they are satisfactory or require adaptability. Some of the big benefits of using intelligence in the classroom include developing problem-solving skills that can be used in similar real-life situations and increased self-esteem (Giles, Pitre, & Womack, 2003 ). As you can see in Frames of Mind, Gardner states that every intelligence can be measured by an IQ test. It identifies eight specific criteria that each piece of information should meet before being classified as intelligence. After identifying the eight intelligences, he digs deeper and gives examples for each. Later, he explains that learning styles are similar to different types of intelligences. More research has uncovered how top students learn through each intelligence. By discussing the different needs of each learner, it helps identify educational implications..