INTRODUCTION1.1. Background and motivation of the research projectIn recent years, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have found applications in many situations, such as surrounding observation and prediction system, battlefield monitoring, territory monitoring, detection of weather conditions, natural protection of animals, sanctuary museums and a few other human activities. inaccessible dangerous areas. Power allocation and management is essential in sensors and hence is an important issue in maintaining QoS using sensors for an extended duration. Therefore, one of the main duties is to maintain excellence in monitoring while extending the lifespan of the network. Routing is how we establish a link for the transfer of messages from the source to the receiver in the given network. The short path offers many advantages in terms of energy, time and complexity. Efficient routing affects network performance. Considering power as a main constraint, we need to search for efficient routing algorithms [1].1.2 Aims and Objectives of the Study The requirement of the study is to maintain the accuracy and reliability of the routing path chosen for the transfer of messages between two hosts. Maintaining road quality at the same time, reducing the energy requirements of the wireless sensor network is a primary goal in WSN. The objective of the project is to design an energy saving, shortest path and minimum hop algorithm. 1.3 Current Knowledge Gaps A huge expansion in the field of wireless sensor networks has been concluded by many market analysts in the coming years. But the performance of wireless sensor networks depends on the parameters. It also incorporates substitution between parameters. The following parameters in WSN show discrepancies in availability...... middle of document......consider some basic questions such as.1. How can we identify that a given path between the source and the sink is the shortest path.2. How to trade off energy and network complexity3. Combining all the constraints in an algorithm results in complexity of the system. How this complexity can take mathematical form and its effect on power.1.5 Explanation of the research questionsWireless sensor networks (WSNs) composed of small intelligent sensing devices that can be applied for purposes such as communication, control , wireless actuation and monitoring. Wireless sensor networks offer possible reimbursement. Unlike wired networks, such as lower installation cost, simple deployment, lack of connecting wires and increasing mobility, they are particularly attractive for industrial applications. [6], [7].