IntroductionPhotosynthesis is the process by which plants and other organisms such as photosynthetic bacteria, algae and protists make their food. All organisms that undergo photosynthesis can be called photoautotrophs. In the process of making food, the body uses solar energy trapped by leaves and converts it into chemical energy. This chemical energy is then used as a driving force for the synthesis of organic products such as glucose. ¹The best-known form of photosynthesis is that carried out by higher plants and algae, as well as by cyanobacteria and their relatives, which are responsible for much of the photosynthesis in the oceans, Wim Vermaas 1998. The photosynthetic process can be written in simple equation form; 6H2O + energy (eˉ) 6CO2 -> C6H12O6+ 6O2. However, in anoxygenic photosynthesis, light energy is used by other types of bacteria but in their case O is not a product. At the molecular level, these organisms use CO2 and H2O as well as energy obtained from the sun to undergo a series of complex reactions before arriving at the desired carbohydrate end product.MaterialsThe main components necessary for these reactions are obtained from various sources. . CO₂ is the main source of carbon needed. The electrons needed as an energy source for the reaction are obtained by photolysis, that is, the splitting of water molecules by sunlight. Other products of photolysis include protons (H+) which will then be used to build organic molecules and oxygen. The oxygen produced at this stage is then released into the atmosphere as waste, which humans and animals use to breathe. On the other hand, anoxic photosynthesis also occurs but mainly in dead zones such as the sea floor where the...... middle of paper ...... loss of leaves and in some cases the plant can even die. On the other hand, there is non-stomatal limitation which refers to a reduction in a plant's ability to photosynthesize, which can reduce its ability to reach its full potential. This can include electron transport, Rubisco activity and chlorophyll content. These three elements are crucial for the process of photosynthesis.ConclusionPhotosynthesis is essential because all living things depend on it in one way or another. This is the primary mechanism for transferring energy from the sun into a more useful form for plants and animals. The process of photosynthesis simply will not occur if any of the necessary materials are not present. Water has been found to be the most crucial element needed for photosynthesis as it has devastating effects when not present in required quantity..