Located in the south-central part of the United States, Texas is the second largest state in the United States. It is also the third fastest growing state and home to several of the most populous cities. in the country [US Census, 2013] and number one in the country in terms of greenhouse gas production [EPA, 2013]. Stress on water resources can be seen in rapidly populated or overcrowded areas, where water demand is high and availability is limited. This phenomenon is particularly amplified in Texas due to climate change. It is important to identify the various factors that shape Texas' climate before characterizing their implications for future water supplies. Texas' climate is difficult to categorize due to its large size and variable topographical features. Geological factors such as the North American Cordillera hinder air travel from west to east and vice versa, while also preventing cold air masses from the Arctic Circle from moving southward into the interior of the state. The Gulf of Mexico provides the air with humidity and dampens temperature fluctuations [larkin and Bomar, 1983]. These factors form a range of climates in the state from subtropical-arid to subtropical-humid. [larkin and Bonmar, 1983]. A trend can be observed regarding average temperature and precipitation. Temperature increases from north to south (figure 1) and precipitation increases from east to west (figure 2).FIG1. Average Temperature Legend The legend in FIG.2 will explain the precipitation trend. Pattens's climate cannot simply be explained by variations in average temperatures and precipitation, but must also be combined with variations in severe and high-impact weather conditions. Tornadoes hail and hurricanes are common throughout the spring. Hurricanes can produce significant rainfall causing major flooding. [NG, 2005] Drought should also be included when focusing on high impact weather conditions in Texas. Extreme weather events, such as drought, are extremely important when considering stressors on water resources. The drought history has been documented in paleoclimatic studies using long-lived tree species native to Texas. Tree ring indicators are particularly useful when reconstructing the history of climate change in a large region like Texas because many of them can be sampled in different areas. Annual tree ring data can provide accurate records of temperatures and precipitation from year to year. Tree ring data has shown that droughts lasting a decade or more, staggered across the state, have been occurring randomly since the 1600s. (why it matters for supply in water) [Brenner] Temperatures in Texas are expected to increase by 2°C to 5°C over the next century.