Representation of Football Culture in Contemporary FictionIn 'Understanding Football Hooliganism', John H. Kerr talks about a group of Chelsea supporters called the 'Chelsea Headhunters'. Some members of the group were ordinary people, working normal jobs that you wouldn't really associate with hooliganism. “For example, the ages of convicted gang leaders ranged from twenty-three to thirty-one, well beyond adolescence; all four were working and one was a former Royal Navy cook and Falklands War veteran. Indeed, journalists seemed surprised that the gang's "field commander", Terry Last, a man of slight build and non-drinker, worked as a clerk for a large London law firm and therefore hardly fit the image conventional football hooligan as a senseless hooligan. ", explaining that these were people you wouldn't associate with this type of behavior. He goes on to explain how one of the main characteristics of "Headhunters" hooliganism was the thought and planning required to organizing meetings with other rival hooligan companies This was never spontaneous, because the fight had been organized before. But the two rival groups could bring together a few hundred people, marching in the streets as s. They were part of the armed forces. These matches were planned weeks in advance, or even months depending on the opposing group, if the rivalry was so great. For away matches, the police had operations in place. The gangs also planned diversions to keep the police busy. and don't get caught. They did it around the Chelsea football stadium. "In other words, planning a...... middle of paper ...... to reconcile men with the loss of social power and the taboo in at least middle-class society. Sport is considered natural, and it shows men natural abilities and qualities, and aggressiveness is considered a masculine characteristic and not something that can simply be learned. So, does sport allow these types of men with these strong characteristics to practice aggression in a controlled environment? Evidence shows that violence in sport can be learned; the aggressiveness observed in sport is then projected outside the sporting world. Works Cited Mackinnon, Kenneth. “Sport and Masculinity”, Representing Men: Masculinity and Masculinity in the Media”, Arnold, Great Britain, 2003. Kerr, John H. “Understanding Football Hooliganism”, Open University Press, Great Britain, 1994. http://www. scribd.com/doc/4007339/45/Telic-and-Paratelic-states 06/01/2011