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  • Essay / The Syrian Civil War - 807

    The sectarian nature of contemporary conflicts has conceptualized the predominance of religion as a coercive factor in conflict and peace. The embryonic Syrian Civil War (2011 – present) reflects the inherent relationship between religious identity and ideals with conflict through isolated Syrian protest that escalated into a sectarian war between Shia and Sunnis. However, this exploration of parallels between the sectarian paradigm and conflict marginalizes the importance of religious mediation in peaceful resolutions. Thus, the religious overtones of the Syrian Civil War have perpetuated the conflict by intensifying rigidly isolated religious groups, while conversely, they have the potential to resolve the war through pacifist ideology. The current Syrian civil war illustrates the primary importance of religion in the conflict, through the intertwined trajectories of religion and political power. The Syrian civil war emerged, after twelve years of brutal repression, as an unprecedented uprising in favor of political liberalization against the autocratic regime of Bashar al-Assad (Burke, 2013). This civil war, inherently political, quickly turned into an “openly sectarian” war of attrition, with religious communities supporting increased mutual suspicion and intolerance (Warrick, 2012). Therefore, the conflict penetrated the "long-simmering tensions" between Sunni Arabs and Alawite Arabs, due to the self-proclaimed superiority of the Alawites as the ruling class; the sects are bitterly opposed in the conflict, with the Sunnis including the Free Syrian Army (FSA) rebels and the Alawites forming a coercive bulwark against political modernization (Arango, 2013). Moreover, the dominant tension between Shiites and Sunnis extends into the middle of the paper-eating society. Ultimately, this vision of a peaceful resolution, consistent with the recurring themes of forgiveness and peace in the New Testament, provides the theoretical instruments necessary to rebuild a unified and egalitarian Syrian society. The Syrian civil war represents a sectarian paradigm of the relationship between conflicts. and religion. The humanitarian crisis of the Syrian Civil War encapsulates the negative effects of contradictory religious doctrines that stimulate the conflict to prevail. Conversely, the symbiotic effect of implemented peace proposals and Christian pacifist ideology illustrates the potential for a peaceful resolution for Syria emanating from religion. Thus, this diverse perspective of the influence of religion in warfare highlights the tremendous power of religion in society to simultaneously devastate and liberate..