blog




  • Essay / Wetland ecosystem - 2088

    1. IntroductionThe wetland ecosystem is one of the most productive ecosystems on Earth, providing enormous goods and services to human society. However, due to poor knowledge of their values ​​and underestimation of their contribution, many wetlands have been converted to agricultural land or urban areas, or influenced by pollution from agricultural and industrial activities. As a result, wetland ecosystems have severely declined and become degraded globally in recent decades. In order to restore and protect wetlands, and therefore ensure a sustainable supply of goods and services, it is important to recognize their values. It is essential in this regard to develop valuation methods that explicitly link wetland values, the basis of ecosystem capital, to policy design (Pearce and Atkinson, 1993; Dasgupta and Mäler, 2000; Arrow et al, 2004; For a typical wetland ecosystem, its values ​​can be explained in terms of populations of its species, fish harvested per day, amount of carbon stored per year, or annual number of recreational visits. These are generally classified as values ​​arising from the production, regulation or cultural services of wetlands (MA, 2005). A correct and precise estimation of these values ​​allows a comparative analysis of intervention practices and therefore contributes to the improvement of policy design (Barbier, 1993; Barbier et al., 1997; Turner et al, 2000). Quality is a key factor in determining the value of wetlands. A healthy, functioning wetland can provide rich ecosystem services (Zedler and Kercher, 2005; Maltby, 2009). Wetland assessment practices have increased in recent years. In the review by Heimlich et al. (1998), 33...... middle of paper ......s. Since values ​​derived from a benefit transfer method are not strictly primary studies, we therefore removed these items. Subsequently, values ​​that do not relate to a single service, but to a total economic value (TEV) or marked as “miscellaneous”, had to be removed from the list for the sake of consistency. Finally, 70 data elements from 27 articles remain in the analysis. Cross-tabulations based on the data are presented in Tables 1 and 2. Table 1 shows the relationship between ecosystem services and wetland types in terms of number of study cases, while Table 2 shows the relationship between the services and the methods used for their evaluation. The most studied services are food and raw materials, which occur mainly in wetlands not specified by the authors or in floodplains; the most used valuation methods are the direct market valuation method, there are 41 data elements out of the total 70.