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  • Essay / Theory of Mind and Persuasive Skills in Young Children

    Theory of mind is a child's ability to understand the mental states of not only themselves but also others. Typically, preschoolers take time to develop this, but once they do, they are able to carry out various functions and see beyond their own perspectives. In the study conducted by Slaughter, Peterson, and Moore, they examined the relationship between theory of mind (ToM) and the persuasion skills of young children aged 3 to 8 years old. The researchers hypothesized that there would be a positive correlation between the relationship between theory of mind and persuasion abilities and conducted what they called the peer persuasion task to determine the ability of children to persuade a peer puppet named Matty to eat a piece of raw broccoli and brush their teeth (Slaughter, Peterson, & Moore, 2013). . In this task, the experimenters used the puppet who claimed that eating broccoli and brushing their teeth, because of the toothpaste, was disgusting and refused to do so. The experimenters then encouraged the children to do their best to generate a convincing argument after each refusal, of which the puppet refused three times for each task before finally engaging in the act. This process allowed children who had not given up or run out of ideas beforehand to continue generating more compelling arguments. Along with the tasks, the experimenters also used motivational versus altruistic variables to see if it changed how the child attempted to persuade the puppet. The child was told that he would either get a sticker if he got the puppet to complete the task (motivation) or (altruistic) that Matty would earn a sticker once he completed the task (Slaughter et al ., 2013). The researchers decided to score the children based on how well they persuaded the puppet. They were classified into 4 groups and noted in 3 ways: simple injunction or request, putting in the mouth or order, which