The postmodern era of psychology is the period in which new theories and research were developed and founded in psychology starting in the 1960s. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get the original essayHumanistic PsychologyHumanistic psychology refers to an approach that studies the whole person and the uniqueness of each individual. The movement developed in opposition to two theories of psychology, behaviorism theory and psychoanalysis. The humanist movement became popular in the United States in the 1960s. The Association for Humanistic Psychology was founded in 1962. Carl Jung, Rollo May, Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers are some of the pioneers of this theory. Humanistic psychologists believe that behaviorists are too concerned with the scientific study and analysis of individuals' actions and behaviors. people. Humanists also disagree with the deterministic orientation of psychoanalysis which posits that a person's early experiences and impulses determine their behaviors. Humanistic psychology begins with the existential assumptions that phenomenology is central and that people have free will. Personal agency is the humanist term for the exercise of free will. It refers to the choices we make in life, the paths we take and their consequences. The American psychologist Abraham H. Maslow, considered one of the leading figures in humanistic psychology, proposed a hierarchy of needs or drives in order of priority or decreasing priority. power but increasing sophistication: physiological needs, security, belonging and love, esteem and self-realization. Only when the most primitive needs are satisfied can the individual progress to higher levels in the hierarchy. People who achieve self-realization will have fully realized their potential. The self-concept is a central point for most humanistic psychologists. In American psychotherapist Carl Rogers' theory of "personal construction", individuals perceive the world based on their own experiences. This perception affects their personality and causes them to direct their behavior to satisfy the needs of the total self. Rogers emphasized that in the development of an individual's personality, the person strives to "actualize, maintain, and improve himself." American existential psychologist Rollo May emphasized that humans are experiencing beings and to whom experiences happen. For May, awareness of one's own mortality makes vitality and passion possible. Both Rogera and Maslow viewed personal growth and fulfillment in life as a fundamental human motivation. This means that each person, in different ways, seeks to grow psychologically and continually improve. This has been captured by the term self-actualization, which relates to psychological growth, fulfillment, and satisfaction in life. However, both Rogers and Maslow describe different ways of achieving self-actualization. The subjective and conscious experiences of the individual are at the heart of the humanistic theories of Rogers and Maslow. Humanistic psychologists argue that objective reality is less important than a person's subjective perception and understanding of the world. For this reason, Rogers and Marlow placed little value on scientific psychology, particularly the use of the psychology laboratory to study behavior..