1. BRIEFLY describe what happened in the Central Park Jogger case (2 points). In 1989, a female jogger was beaten, raped, and then left to die in Central Park (Kassin, 2005). Police arrested 5 boys aged 14 to 16 and of African-American or Hispanic origin. The police obtained confessions from these five boys and they were convicted of the crime. However, 13 years later, a man named Matias Reyes voluntarily confessed to committing the crime and DNA evidence proved his confession to be the truth. This case represents the problem of wrongful convictions plaguing the justice system.2. What verbal, nonverbal, and behavioral cues are investigators urged to pay attention to by Inbau, Reid, Buckley, and Jane? How accurate do they claim investigators can be if they pay attention to these clues? (3 points) According to Inbau, Reid, Buckley, and Jane, verbal cues that interviewers are advised to pay attention to include nuanced or repeated responses to questions (cited by Kassin, 2005). Nonverbal cues may include slumped, frozen posture and gaze aversion. Behavioral cues may include being cautious, indifferent, or anxious. By paying attention to these cues, investigators can be trained to achieve an 85% level of accuracy in assessing truth and deception.3. Summarize laboratory research on people's performance in detecting deception (3 points) Research has not been able to support claims that individuals are capable of achieving above-average levels of performance when they judge or detect truth and deception (Kassin, 2005). From the experiments carried out, it was shown that most individuals did not perform better than at chance level. The training programs used have been shown to produce only small improvements that can be useful in many areas. These areas may include questions that may be raised as to whether a suspect was informed of his or her rights and whether those rights were waived (Kassin, 2005). The recorded account could also show whether interrogators used physical intimidation, whether the suspect was cooperative or uncooperative, or whether threats or promises were implied. Additionally, the recording could indicate whether details of the confession came from the suspect or the police. All of these problems can be resolved through video recording of interrogations, and it would also increase the accuracy of fact-finding by trial juries and judges.ReferencesKassin, S. (2005). On the psychology of confessions: does innocence put the innocent in danger? American Psychologist, 60(3), 215-228. Retrieved from http://undergrad.floridatechonline.com/Courses/PSY3100/Critical_Reading_Kassin.pdf