Since the African American race was introduced to the United States, they have been mistreated. Upon their arrival, the Americans immediately enslaved them and used them for professional purposes, without even considering them as human beings. With the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1865, slavery was finally outlawed; however, “colored” people were still treated unequally by segregation. Segregation was legalized by the Court's decision in Plessy v. Ferguson. But, in 1952, the Brown v. Board of Education overturned the precedent Plessy v. Ferguson asserting that the “separate but equal doctrine was unconstitutional.” The result was nationwide integration. Everything from schools and businesses to restaurants and bathrooms have been integrated. Unfortunately, not all states have welcomed this integration. Many did everything they could to prevent African Americans from mixing with whites. The southernmost states were particularly vicious in the face of this segregation, going as far as bombings to stifle the hopes of African-Americans. But one city was determined to fight segregation. Birmingham, Alabama was the site of one of the most important parts of the civil rights movement and despite a decade since Brown v. Board of Education, Birmingham refused to integrate. The Birmingham campaign was one of the most influential movements of the civil rights movement and marked a turning point in the war against segregation. The violence and cruelty inflicted on African Americans not only united the city's residents, but also the nation's population. The African American Civil Rights Movement aimed to outlaw the discrimination that many African Americans faced in the 1950s and 1960s. In the middle of a piece of paper I am trying to accomplish. By taking a closer look at the Birmingham campaign, people will realize not only the effect it had on the civil rights movement, but also the model by which they might live their lives today and work for a better future. files. (1963). Telegram from George Andrews, 05/13/63. (SG12655, file 3) “Bombing” (1963, September 16). 20th bombing here against the Negroes. BirminghamPost-Herald. Huntley H. and Montgomery, D. (2004). Black workers fight for equality in Birmingham. University of Illinois Press, 2b, 2dJonathon, B.S. (2007). Letter from Birmingham Prison. In the Encyclopedia of Alabama. Alabama Humanities Foundation and Auburn University.Mr. King, personal communication, May 5, 1963. “Six Dead” (September 16, 1963). Six dead after bomb attack on church. The Washington Post.