Theoretical perspectives help us study the underlying questions we ask about society. Each perspective focuses on various characteristics of society. These aspects are analyzed at different levels to develop theories. When it comes to comparative criminal justice, the central perspective is the comparability and connectivity of criminal justice systems. The global criminal justice system contains four theoretical perspectives: modernization theory, civilization theory, world system theory, and globalization theory. Although there are four perspectives that signify the world system, I will only compare the theories of modernization and civilizational shock and their nature. Modernization is defined as the conversion of society's ancient civilizations to contemporary society; as it is established today in the West. It models a perspective of economic, social and cultural progress that highlights the global disparity in terms of changing levels of scientific improvement between societies. By presenting modern approaches in underdeveloped countries, societies will be informed of the solidifications of their economies. This mainstream theory refers to a variety of proponents of Karl Marx's perspectives who encourage the explanation of countries' improvement or underdevelopment. Not everyone is a fan of Karl Marx's views. The common features between Max Weber and Emile Durkheim also interpret the developmental illustration of this theory. Development involves bridging these gaps through a process of imitation, taking place in stages, such that traditional sectors and/or countries gradually assume the qualities of the “modern” West. Max Weber observed that with modern civilization, societies would only benefit from rationality. The title of Durkheim's book, The Division of Labor in Society, essentially sums up his view of modernization. Durkheim believes that modernization will lead to the creation of an increasing division of labor. He expects that the failure of modern social unions to modernize could lead to anomie. Rising anomie will ultimately lead to increased crime rates. This theory is in fact a unilinear and ethnocentric theory and it is with all its shortcomings that we can conclude that it constitutes an inapplicable guide for the development of the Caribbean. In the 1990s, Samuel Huntington developed a new model of conflict called the clash of civilizations. . This theory suggests that after the Cold War, civilizations would be marked by conflict. He established that there are eight great civilizations. These civilizations include Western, Japanese, Islamic, African, Chinese, Hindu, Orthodox and Latin American. An example of a civilizational clash would be Islam and the West..