By the early 1900s, bicycle design and manufacturing had reached a point where aerodynamics was a major factor in bicycle racing. It all started with these two sit-down bikes powered by French single-cylinder, air-cooled DeDion-Buton internal combustion engines to propel the bikes at regulated speeds right in front of the riders. Pacemakers were complicated to use and required two people to operate: the front pilot was a driver who steered the vehicle and the rear pilot was an engineer who constantly adjusted the flow of fuel to the primitive carburetor in order to maintain a constant speed. Unfortunately, these engines were very unreliable and often failed due to the unstable fuel supply to the French carburetors. The answer to the problems came from a small-time machinist and self-taught bicycle designer/maker named Oscar Hedstrom. Hedstrom began modifying single-cylinder engines and carburetors for motorcycles and began making them more and more reliable. Hendee began working with Hedstrom and became a huge success in the New England area. This partnership soon resulted in a professional motorcycle sales business. That being said, this leads me to motorcycle clubs. By 1901, bicycles were mass-produced and sold to the general public. Two years later, in 1903, Harley Davidson was founded and was second only to the spread of American Motorcycle, the formation of motorcycle clubs and organizations. That same year, some of the first known clubs, the New York Motorcycle Club, joined with the Alpha Motorcycle Club of Brooklyn to form the Federation of American Motorcycles (FAM). In Article One, Paragraph Two of the FAM Constitution, it states: "The purposes of [the Federation] shall be to encourage the United States... middle of paper ...... there remained nothing more. These other clubs, on the other hand, were growing and becoming steeper. Veterans from Southeast Asia reported information about illegal drugs and of course this information was passed on to the biker gangs because they travel, who is it better to transport? This led to the drug epidemic of the 1960s. The "One Percenters" started and claimed that the AMA needed to take action again and began practicing in California; they also made it known more intensely than before that the biker gangs were separate and, in a sense, did not like each other. In 1964, at a bike rally, two men accused of rape but released on evidence did not help the bikers' reputation that was being established. Officials began to get frustrated and make statements such as "rogue activity" and "a clear and present danger to local, state and, ultimately, international constituencies." These gangs have continued to deteriorate.