Stillman Drake, the author of Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo, describes Galileo's opposition as follows: "...professors who considered the new method an injury to philosophy and priests who believed that the new criterion of truth was being hostile to religion. Drake is correct that the opposition put forward by Galileo's accusers was seen as an attack on philosophy, but Galileo's opposition focused primarily on the need to control unbridled minds in the judgment and interpretation of holy scriptures; Furthermore, Galileo's opposition and defense also had undeniable scientific and epistemological aspects. Furthermore, I argue that Galileo in turn created an argument centered on his belief that scientific discovery should not be subject to the jurisdiction of the Catholic Church, and that the core of Galileo's argument revolves around his belief that the components of a new "scientific method" and the new criterion of truth should not be subject to the control of the Church. During a time of Protestant reformation, the Catholic Church convened the Council of Trent (1545-1563) in order to maintain orthodoxy among the people. Catholics primarily focused on traditional, church-appropriate individuals to interpret the Holy Scriptures, while the Protestant Reformation preached individual pluralistic interpretation, thus threatening the Catholic Church and making it extremely sensitive. (12) In 1954, the council decreed that "... no one may, relying on his own judgment, in matters of faith and morality relating to the edification of Christian doctrine, distort the Holy Scriptures in accordance with to one's own conceptions, presuming to interpret them contrary to that sense which the holy mother Chur...... middle of paper ......s response to Ingoli (1624), eight years after the verdict of the Inquisition , remained dedicated to his belief that scientific discovery should not fall under the jurisdiction of the Catholic Church as he boldly declared to Ingoli: "...I must tell you that in natural phenomena, human authority is worthless. . » (178) Throughout his defense, Galileo maintained that natural phenomena and scientific discoveries should not fall under the jurisdiction of the Church. Galileo's magnificent discovery gave rise to an eternal quarrel between religion and nature, the new criterion of truth, the new scientific method, scientific independence and, ultimately, the foundation of man's inalienable natural rights. By defending his beliefs, Galileo was able to convey his message through science, religion, and philosophy and ultimately paved the way for future scientists and moral philosophers..