IntroductionThere is growing evidence that therapists working in the field of rehabilitation should prescribe task-specific training to patients with neurological disorders to accelerate their rehabilitation (1). Task-specific training is defined as the intervention in which the patient is required to develop specific motor skills and obtain feedback on their performance (1). This feedback will motivate the patient to continue or modify their performance and thus achieve specific objectives (1). There is evidence that neuroplasticity results from learning new motor skills using task-specific training (3). Neuroplasticity is defined as the brain's ability to change or reorganize itself as a result of sensorimotor input and learning (3). This essay explains the importance of task-specific training for learning new motor skills that are an integral part of the rehabilitation process, as well as the neuroplastic changes that underlie this learning. In addition, it will also discuss whether task specificity is sufficient on its own, which is controversial, or whether it requires the use of other strategies. Effects of Limb Immobilization on Neuroplasticity In a longitudinal study conducted by (4), 10 right-handed individuals who required right arm immobilization for at least 14 days due to injury underwent two magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams. The first MRI examination took place after 48 hours of injury and the second after 16 days of immobilization of the right arm. Results revealed decreased cortical thickness in the left somatosensory and primary motor area and decreased white matter (fractionated anisotropy [FA]) in the left corticospinal tract (4). Therefore, immobilizing a limb for a certain period of time will...... middle of paper ......d rewards (1). However, these rewards should fade over time to avoid addiction (1). Feedback should always be positive, as some researchers suggest (1). Conclusion To summarize, evidence has shown that task-specific training is better than general training or any other conventional stroke rehabilitation for learning and practicing new skills. In other words, the best way to learn a new task is to train specifically for it. Task-specific training results in lasting motor learning and neuroplastic changes such as sensory or motor recovery. However, task-specific training must be combined with other strategies to be valuable in clinical practice. Accordingly, it must be: relevant and meaningful for the individual, repetitive, randomly ordered, supported by positive feedback and aimed at the reconstruction of the entire task..