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  • Essay / Reconstruction of Aristotle's argument from physics...

    In this article, I propose a reconstruction of Aristotle's argument from physics book 2, chapter 8, 199a9. Aristotle in this chapter attempts to draw an analogy between nature and action to establish that both nature and action have an end. This argument developed in response to natural philosophers, who argue that the results of nature/natural processes occur simply by accident. but not for an end (198b16). Aristotle argues that events and outcomes that occur only by chance are present on a few occasions. However, the results of natural sequences or actions occur very often, and this is a sign that they must occur for the sake of an end and not just by chance. Therefore, the results of nature and actions must have only one end in mind. The argument states: “Whenever there is an end, the entire sequence of prior and subsequent actions is directed toward the end. Surely what is true of action is also true of nature, and what is true of nature is true of action, if nothing prevents it. But actions are for something, therefore natural sequences are for something” (199a).9...