For over 500 years, Mozambique was entirely under Portuguese rule, which left the Mozambican economy underdeveloped and distorted. In general, Portuguese colonization was characterized by a brutal use of coercive force to extract goods and services intended for indigenous populations, which had a considerable impact on relations and production within Mozambican society. Compared to other European nations, Portugal had many economic and human limitations, which gave it Faced with the imperative of an effective occupation recommended during the Berlin Conference (1884/1885), Portugal was obliged to 'use different colonization strategies. Following the British and French experience, the Portuguese colonization system opted for the creation of “Majestic Companies”. About 2/3 of Mozambique's territory was under the administration of different companies; in the central region of the country (Mozambique Society); in the province of Zambezia (Zambezi Company) and in the northern region of the country (Niassa Company). The southern region was left under the direct administration of the Portuguese government, with most of its capital coming from the East....