A branch of CAM is that of biofield therapies. Most biofield therapies share the same philosophy, but differ with respect to the hand positions adopted during the administration process (Anderson and Taylor, 2012). In TT, the practitioner's hands do not make actual physical contact with the patient. Therapeutic touch was developed by Dolores Krieger and Dora Kunz in the 1970s as a non-invasive nursing intervention (Kelly et al. 2004). Jackson and Keegan (2009, p.614) defined therapeutic touch as "a specific intention centering technique used when the practitioner moves the hands through the energy field of a recipient with the aim of assessing and treat the imbalance of the energy field”. The original theory of the technique proposed by nursing theorist Rogers (1970) is that individuals as a unified whole possess their own permeable energy fields that extend from the surface of the skin and flow uniformly when they are healthy. The energy field of the diseased physical body is disrupted, misaligned, obstructed, or “out of tune” (Huff et al. 2006). TT has the potential to restructure, reorganize, and restore the individual's unbalanced energy fields through the open system extending from the surface of the body and constantly interacting with the environment (Krieger, 1979). The first studies of therapeutic touch were carried out in the 1950s and 1960s: biochemist Bernard Grad (1965) collaborated with famous healer Oskar Estebany to demonstrate the greatly accelerated healing effects of therapeutic touch on injured mice and seeds. damaged barley. The central goal of healing therapies is to relax and calm patients in order to activate their natural healing capacity, and this does not include any religious activity (Lorenc et al. 2010).3. Literature reviewThe effectiveness of ta...... middle of article ......occupational variations.Environmental influences:Nurses' ability to provide interpersonal and comforting contact could be impaired by the fast pace, current high acuity and understaffing. hospital environment (Connor and Howett, 2009). Nursing is one of the few roles in contemporary society in which physical contact, even with intimate body parts, is accepted (Green, 2013). However, the frequent contacts that nurses encounter in patient care are not always deliberate and with the aim of improving care (Connor & Howett, 2009). A stressful environment prevents nurses from achieving a state of inner therapist balance to perform tactile touch in hospitals (Henricson et al. 2006). In the absence of a quiet, independent environment, the positive results of tactile touch are unlikely to be achieved and may even contribute to nurse fatigue (Homayouni et al.. 2012).