Many scientists around the world believe we are in the midst of another great extinction event. Such extinctions have occurred periodically throughout the history of life on Earth. The most infamous is the KT (Cretaceous Tertiary) event, which killed off our beloved dinosaurs. Going back in time, there have been five known events; one in the Triassic (which perhaps gave way to the rise of the dinosaurs), another at the end of the Permian which produced a disappearance of species (around 95%) never equaled until today like some will say it. Yet other extinctions occurred during the late Devonian and Ordovician periods. These past events occurred “naturally” in the history of life on the planet. The root causes that take center stage are the impacts of large comets or asteroids, deadly diseases that cross continents, and enormous amounts of volcanism; all in combination with or in addition to global climate change on the planet. Today's extinction event is different, however, as many believe homo sapiens are the main culprit. Unfortunately, this isn't the first time we've fought on the mound of extinction. The disappearance of megafauna at the end of the Pleistocene may have been our first attempt to eradicate entire species of animals from the planet. However, questions arise: did we act alone or with an external accomplice? Did we play a role or did nature simply take its course? As far as we know, this is the first time in Earth's history that a single species is responsible for the complete disappearance of many others. One of the biggest debates among scientists today is the root cause of the Pleistocene megafauna extinction. Human hunting tops the list with certain scientific disciplines, archaeologists for example who study human prehistory (the Clov...... middle of article...... (Barnosky et al., 2004) Rapid decline in body size in Alaska Pleistocene horses before extinctionR. Dale Guthrie Nature September 2003 (Guthrie 2003) Size and range shifts of North American Pleistocene mammals are inconsistent with a climatic explanation of extinction (Brigid S. Grund, Todd A. Surovell and S. Kathleen Lyons) (Grund, et al., 2012)Extinctions of herbivorous mammals at the end of the Pleistocene of Australia in relation to their feeding ecology: no evidence of environmental change as a cause of extinctionC. N. JOHNSON AND GJ PRIDEAUX(Johnson and Prideaux 2004)Was a hyper-disease responsible for the extinction of late Pleistocene megafauna Ecology Letters (2004) 7: 859–868 (Lyons, Smith, Wagner, White, Brown) Paleolithic extinctions and the Tauride complex WM Napier February 21, 2010 Copyright Royal Astronomical Monthly Notices. Company